It took the honey bees over 200 years to migrate to the West Coast, notes the Los Angeles Beekeepers Association, and the same can be said for Malus Domestica. However, the first apple trees arrived not by travel across the frontier, but via direct shipment from London, circa 1826. According to History Link, the seeds that sprouted into the original Washington State apples were brought by Captain Aemilius Simpson who sailed to Fort Vancouver from Europe.
By the 1840s, the pioneers arrived with the saplings they'd propagated by grafting cut branches onto rootstock while walking the Oregon Trail. This proved the only way to get around the extreme heterozygous characteristics of the seeds and guarantee the apple type. The saplings thrived in the weather conditions and were perfect for apple trees.
Orchardists and engineers came together to harness snowmelt flowing down from the Cascades and into the valleys, notes History Link. Large-scale irrigation systems would ultimately launch the state of Washington into its now long-held position as the country's largest producer of apples.
According to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, nearly 14,000 varieties of apples existed by this time across the country, but for the next few decades growers perfected only a handful of hybrids that grew well and were pleasing to the palette. Among the most popular hybrids towards the end of the 1800s were Winesap, Spitzenberg, Rome Beauty, and Jonathan (via History Link), some of which you can still sample today.
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August 27, 2022 at 08:31PM
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The Culinary History Of America's Favorite Fruit: Apples - Tasting Table
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